Application of Molecular Tools for the Survey of Bacterial Pathogens Associated with Crassostrea virginica (Gmelin 1791) and Crassostrea ariakensis (Fujita 1913)

2008 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 551-558
Author(s):  
Mohammad R. Alavi ◽  
Eric J. Schott ◽  
Keiko Saito ◽  
Gerardo R. Vasta
Keyword(s):  
Crassostrea Virginica ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Molecular Tools ◽  
Crassostrea Ariakensis

scholarly journals Survival of eastern oysters Crassostrea virginica from three lines following experimental challenge with bacterial pathogens

2008 ◽  
Vol 79 ◽  
pp. 95-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Gómez-León ◽  
L Villamil ◽  
SA Salger ◽  
RH Sallum ◽  
A Remacha-Triviño ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crassostrea Virginica ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Eastern Oysters ◽  
Experimental Challenge

scholarly journals Bioaccumulation, Retention, and Depuration of Enteric Viruses by Crassostrea virginica and Crassostrea ariakensis Oysters

2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (22) ◽  
pp. 6825-6831 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon P. Nappier ◽  
Thaddeus K. Graczyk ◽  
Kellogg J. Schwab
Keyword(s):  
Crassostrea Virginica ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
Proteinase K ◽  
Murine Norovirus ◽  
Viral Pathogens ◽  
Crassostrea Ariakensis ◽  
Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽  
Bacteriophage Ms2 ◽  
Continuous Filtration ◽  
Male Specific

ABSTRACT Crassostrea ariakensis oysters are under review for introduction into the Chesapeake Bay. However, the human health implications of the introduction have not been fully addressed. This study evaluated rates of bioaccumulation, retention, and depuration of viruses by Crassostrea virginica and C. ariakensis when the two oyster species were maintained in separate tanks containing synthetic seawater of various salinities (8, 12, or 20 ppt). Oyster bioaccumulation tanks were seeded with 103 PFU/ml of hepatitis A virus (HAV), poliovirus, male-specific bacteriophage (MS2), and murine norovirus 1 (MNV-1) and 103 PCR units/ml of human norovirus (NoV). After 24 h, depuration commenced as oysters (n = 255) were placed in pathogen-free seawater under continuous filtration. Oysters (n = 6) were sampled weekly for 1 month from each tank. Viral RNA was recovered using a modified proteinase K, guanidine, and glassmilk method and analyzed by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR. The odds of C. ariakensis oysters harboring NoV, MNV-1, or HAV were statistically greater than the odds of C. virginica oysters harboring the same viruses (MNV-1 odds ratio [OR], 4.5; P = 0.01; NoV OR, 8.4; P < 0.001; HAV OR, 11.4; P < 0.001). Unlike C. virginica, C. ariakensis bioaccumulated and retained NoV, MNV-1, and HAV for 1 month at all salinities. Additionally, the odds of an oyster testing positive for NoV was 25.5 times greater (P < 0.001) when the oyster also tested positive for MNV-1. This research helps assess the threat of C. ariakensis as a vehicle for viral pathogens due to the consumption of raw oysters and validates the role for MNV-1 as a surrogate for NoV.

Fertilization Interference Between Crassostrea ariakensis and Crassostrea virginica: A Gamete Sink

2008 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 593-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Bushek ◽  
Andrea Kornbluh ◽  
Haiyan Wang ◽  
Ximing Guo ◽  
Gregory Debrosse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crassostrea Virginica ◽  
Crassostrea Ariakensis

Shell Hardness and Compressive Strength of the Eastern Oyster, Crassostrea virginica, and the Asian Oyster, Crassostrea ariakensis

2013 ◽  
Vol 225 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara A. Lombardi ◽  
Grace D. Chon ◽  
James Jin-Wu Lee ◽  
Hillary A. Lane ◽  
Kennedy T. Paynter
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Crassostrea Virginica ◽  
Eastern Oyster ◽  
Crassostrea Ariakensis
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